BEHS 380 Experiential Assignment

BEHS 380 Experiential Assignment

BEHS 380 Experiential Assignment

            Early diagnosis of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and timely treatment are recommended to reduce the burden of the mental disorder and promote desirable care outcomes. However, in most cases, patients continue to suffer from the disorder for several years before seeking help. As such, routine screening of AUD is recommended to avoid associated complications, such as liver cirrhosis (Higgins-Biddle & Babor, 2018). Other than the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V) criteria for AUD, several other evidence-based screening tools have been proven beneficial for the timely diagnosis and grading of AUD. Such screening tools include Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test and T-ACE (Moehring et al., 2019). The purpose of this paper is to illustrate a personal experience of administering the above AUD screening tools with consideration of both their strengths and weakness, in addition to the opportunities for improvement.

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Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT)

            AUDIT is recommended by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) for routine screening of alcoholism among all patients at risk (Moreta-Herrera et al., 2020). The administration of the screening tool follows four main steps. The first step involves asking the patient about their alcohol use (Nadkarni et al., 2019). This is where the patient gives his symptoms and duration of use, among other factors crucial in promoting the diagnosis of the disorder. The second step involves an assessment of the patient for alcohol use disorder. The third step is associated with advising the patient on the course of action and developing a care plan to manage the AUD (Källmén et al., 2019). Patients who record a score of 8 or higher among males, and 4 or higher among females, with the use of this tool, require further evaluation (Moehring et al., 2019). The final step involves offering the patient continued support to promote care outcomes and prevent instances of relapse.

            Administering AUDIT was quite simple and beneficial in promoting a brief assessment of the patient. The tool can help in identifying excessive alcohol use in addition to the cause of the patients presenting illness. It also provides a framework for the necessary interventions needed to help the patient reduce or stop consuming alcohol hence avoiding the potential harm to their body (Higgins-Biddle & Babor, 2018). AUDIT can also help in identifying drug dependence and harmful effects caused by the time of administration. However, AUDIT has also been reported to be less significant in identifying AUD among women, unlike in men (Moreta-Herrera et al., 2020). Consequently, high possibilities of false positives have been reported in countries with a low prevalence of AUD. However, to optimize the use of AUDIT, the tool should use a total score of 7 among men, and 5 among females, hence avoiding the above-mentioned limitations (Nadkarni et al., 2019). The tests should also be administered more than once, and an average of outcomes taken to reduce the risks of false positives.

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T-ACE

            The T-ACE screening tool on the other hand is mainly composed of four questions utilized in identifying the risks of alcohol use during pregnancy (Moise, 2019). It is considered a type of Cut-down, Annoy, Guilt, and Eye-opener (CAGE) but for the specific patient population of pregnant women. Administering the tool is simple. The first question assesses the tolerance of the pregnant women, with the other three questions assessing annoyance, cut down, and eye opener. Studies show that T-ACE has an accuracy level of approximately 90% hence most effective in identifying AUD  during pregnancy (Ferraguti et al., 2019). The tool has also been reported as beneficial in identifying AUD among other populations beyond pregnant women. T-ACE scores less than two are considered negative  (Dozet et al., 2021). Women who score positive results are usually evaluated to help them stop drinking and avoid potential harm.

            Nevertheless, administering T-ACE was associated with several limitations or challenges ranging from limited item coverage, and lack of psychometric assessment to collapsing of assessment items and response options (Moise, 2019). To optimize the effectiveness of the T-ACE assessment tool, studies recommend an increase in the total T-ACE scoring criterion  (Dozet et al., 2021). Consequently, more items should be included in the scale to reduce the risks of false positives or false negatives and promote the accuracy and validity of the careening tool (Ferraguti et al., 2019).

Conclusion

            Early detection of alcohol use disorder is crucial to promote timely intervention hence reducing the significance of the associated risks of alcoholism. Several screening tools are available to promote the timely detection and treatment of AUD. However, clinicians must pay close attention to the patient’s characteristics such as age, gender, and pregnancy among other factors, before deciding on which tool to utilize. For instance, from the experience of administering both T-ACE and AUDIT, it is evident that the former is effective in identifying AUD among pregnant women, while the latter is effective among male adult individuals. However, both screening tools present limitations that need to be addressed to optimize their effectiveness in the future.

References

‌Dozet, D., Burd, L., & Popova, S. (2021). Screening for Alcohol Use in Pregnancy: a Review of Current Practices and Perspectives. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00655-3

Ferraguti, G., Merlino, L., Battagliese, G., Piccioni, M. G., Barbaro, G., Carito, V., Messina, M. P., Scalese, B., Coriale, G., Fiore, M., & Ceccanti, M. (2019). Fetus morphology changes by second‐trimester ultrasound in pregnant women drinking alcohol. Addiction Biology, 25(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.12724

Higgins-Biddle, J. C., & Babor, T. F. (2018). A review of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), AUDIT-C, and USAUDIT for screening in the United States: Past issues and future directions. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 44(6), 578–586. https://doi.org/10.1080/00952990.2018.1456545

Källmén, H., Elgán, T. H., Wennberg, P., & Berman, A. H. (2019). Concurrent validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in relation to Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) severity levels according to the brief DSM-5 AUD diagnostic assessment screener. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 73(7), 397–400. https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2019.1642382

Moehring, A., Rumpf, H.-J., Hapke, U., Bischof, G., John, U., & Meyer, C. (2019). Diagnostic performance of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in detecting DSM-5 alcohol use disorders in the General population. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 204, 107530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.06.032

Moise, I. K. (2019). Alcohol use, pregnancy and associated risk factors: a pilot cross-sectional study of pregnant women attending prenatal care in an urban city. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-019-2652-5

Moreta-Herrera, R., Rodas, J. A., & Lara-Salazar, M. (2020). Factor Validity of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) Using Robust Estimations in Ecuadorian Adolescents. Alcohol and Alcoholism. https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agaa126

Nadkarni, A., Garber, A., Costa, S., Wood, S., Kumar, S., MacKinnon, N., Ibrahim, M., Velleman, R., Bhatia, U., Fernandes, G., Weobong, B., & Rane, A. (2019). Auditing the AUDIT: A systematic review of cut-off scores for the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in low- and middle-income countries. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 202, 123–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.04.031

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Experiential Paper : Compose a 750-1000 word paper detailing the individual experience of administering 2 alcohol screening tools. The student will conduct a mock interview with a friend or family member using two of the following tools: Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test, T-ACE, and/or Michigan Alcohol Screening Test.
Students will briefly describe the tools and describe their experience administering each tool including both the strengths, weaknesses, challenges with administering the tool, and suggestions to improve the tools.
Refer to the attached rubric for the grading criteria.

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Experiential Paper and Social Media Campaign Proposal

Course: BEHS 364 7382 Alcohol in U.S. Society (2228)

 

Criteria

 

Excellent

5 points

 

Good

4 points

 

Fair

3 points

 

Poor

2 points

Missing or Not Acceptable 1 point  

Criterion Score

Substance

/Content

Paper shows excellent analysis and thorough coverage of the content. It also demonstrate s effective critical thinking skills in its analysis of the topic. Paper is appropriate in its handling of the content. However, more analysis,

 

examples, or a deeper level of critical thinking would have made the paper more effective.

Paper has some gaps in its analysis of the content. Either deeper levels of critical thinking or a

 

thorough analysis of the topic would have made the paper more effective.

Paper has significant gaps in its analysis of the content in both critical thinking skills and in demonstrati on of knowledge of the topic. Paper has major gaps in its analysis of the content. It does not demonstrate

 

understandi ng of the topic, and it does not demonstrate appropriate levels of critical thinking about the topic.

/ 5

 

 

Criteria

 

Excellent

5 points

 

Good

4 points

 

Fair

3 points

 

Poor

2 points

Missing or Not Acceptable 1 point  

Criterion Score

Organizati Organization Organization Organization Organization Organization / 5
on follows a follows a and logical and logical and logical
clear, logical clear, logical flow of flow of flow of
sequence sequence. thought are thought are thought are
that makes However, not clear in not clear in not clear
the information many areas. throughout
information is the paper.
easily occasionally
accessible to difficult to
the reader. follow
Sentences because of a
feature lack of
excellent transition
coherence. expressions
or a lack of
logical flow.

 

 

Criteria

 

Excellent

5 points

 

Good

4 points

 

Fair

3 points

 

Poor

2 points

Missing or Not Acceptable 1 point  

Criterion Score

Statement The The The The The / 5
of Purpose argument is argument is argument argument argument
and clearly not clearly cannot be cannot be cannot be
Supporting expressed in expressed in found at the found at the found. In
Details the the beginning of beginning of addition, no
beginning of beginning of the paper the paper. It support is
the paper. the paper or but can be is difficult given to any
The the discerned for the possible
argument is argument is after reading reader to argument in
well not well the paper. determine the paper.
defended defended However, what the
throughout throughout the writer’s
the paper. the paper. argument is persuasive
not well argument is.
defended
throughout
the paper.
Word Choice Appropriate academic vocabulary is used throughout the paper. Appropriate academic vocabulary is usually used throughout the paper.

However, better vocabulary could make the paper

Appropriate academic vocabulary is generally not used throughout the paper. Appropriate academic vocabulary is lacking.

This compromise s the persuasion of the writer.

The length of the paper is shorter than the requirement indicates.

The paper is too short to evaluate its level of vocabulary.

/ 5
persuasive.

 

 

Criteria

 

Excellent

5 points

 

Good

4 points

 

Fair

3 points

 

Poor

2 points

Missing or Not Acceptable 1 point  

Criterion Score

Grammar, Spelling, Punctuatio n, and Formatting including APA

Formatting

Grammar, spelling, punctuation, and formatting are nearly flawless.

Sentences are constructed to make the information understanda ble.

One of the following has errors that distract the reader: grammar, spelling, punctuation, or formatting. Formatting is correct. However, repeated grammar, spelling, and punctuation

 

the paper.

Formatting has errors. In addition, repeated grammar, spelling, and punctuation

 

the paper.

Grammar, spelling, or formatting problems make the essay indeciphera ble. The problems with the sentence structure and formatting / 5
serious that the information is not understanda ble and the paper is not well presented.  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Overall Score

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