Discussion 1: PHI 413V Topic 3 Bioethics Principles 

Discussion 1: PHI 413V Topic 3 Bioethics Principles 

Discussion 1: PHI 413V Topic 3 Bioethics Principles

Regardless of the situation, healthcare professionals should always act right. However, making the correct decision is usually challenging since people have diverse values and the society is highly multicultural. Moral action guidelines are necessary for healthcare professionals to make correct decisions when facing ethically confusing situations. Nurses usually consult the four bioethics principles: autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice.

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Ranking the principle of autonomy in the highest place is debatable. Autonomy implies that patients should act intentionally without being controlled. They should make free choices through informed consent. By ranking autonomy the highest, health care practitioners assume that all patients are moral agents, implying that they can make informed and voluntary decisions (Hoehner, 2020; Orr, 2015). From a personal dimension, each of the four principles is equally important. All patients deserve health care that benefits them (beneficence) and should be protected from harm (nonmaleficence). Considering that health care resources are scarce, justice is also equally important. Justice implies treating patients alike without discrimination (Orr, 2015). It promotes fairness/equality irrespective of patients’ differences.

The ordering might change in the context of the Christian biblical narrative. From a biblical standpoint, all human beings are regarded equal and represent God since they are created in the image of God. They deserve everything good and beneficial to them, including peace that leads them to Jesus (BibleProject, 2017). As a result, the principle of justice would be raised to the highest place since equality would supersede other principles. Beneficence and nonmaleficence would follow each other, and autonomy would be ranked last. The assumption here is that there is no need for giving human beings (patients) the autonomy to make decisions if they are not protected from harm and health care practices are not designed to benefit them.

References

BibleProject. (2017). Shalom-peace. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oLYORLZOaZE

Hoehner, P. J. (2020). Biomedical ethics in the Christian narrative. Practicing Dignity. https://lc.gcumedia.com/phi413v/practicing-dignity-an-introduction-to-christian-values-and-decision-making-in-health-care/v1.1/#/chapter/3

Orr, R. D. (2015). Incorporating spirituality into patient care. AMA Journal of Ethics, 17(5), 409-415. https://journalofethics.ama-assn.org/article/incorporating-spirituality-patient-care/2015-05

Topic 3 DQ 2: Creation, Fall, Redemption, and Restoration

Creation, fall, redemption, and restoration are the dominant themes in the Christian biblical narrative. Creation implies bringing humans who resemble God on earth since God created people in his image. Fall is a sad concept denoting God’s separation with humans. Sin was the cause of the separation since humans (Adam and Eve) had fallen short of God’s expectations as covered in the Old Testament (BibleProject, 2018). Fall had regrettable consequences, including human exile. However, the original relationship was restored through redemption and restoration (death and resurrection of Jesus). The four parts depict God as a designer of a good life, vengeful, and forgiving. He is loving, full of grace, and merciful. Concepts such as sacrifice and atonement show God’s love for his people (BibleProject, n.d.) Grace, love, and mercy are further demonstrated by God accepting to restore the original relationship with humans through redemption and restoration.

Regarding the narrative’s relation to the reality of sickness and disease, they (sickness and disease) can be viewed in light of the outcomes of sin. They are among the outcomes of fall and the unfortunate experiences of sin. The presence of sin denotes that redemption and restoration are still ongoing since death, disease, and decay were not included in God’s original design of humans. The story will be complete when all misfortunes end.

The best part to find comfort and hope in the light of illness, according to this narrative, is restoration. Through Jesus, God is committed to restoring the original relationship where people live without sins, death, and diseases. The Messiah would be the future deliverer of humanity by “confronting evil and rescuing humanity from earthly misfortunes (BibleProject, n.d.). Christianity teaches that people can re-establish this relationship by giving their lives to Christ. Also, since God is merciful and graceful, he can heal people when sick. Therefore, seeking God when sick can help restore a person’s health. That is why people pray when sick for healing.

References

BibleProject. (n.d.). Messiah. https://bibleproject.com/explore/video/messiah/

BibleProject. (n.d.). Sacrifice and atonement. https://bibleproject.com/explore/video/sacrifice-and-atonement/

BibleProject. (2018). Overview: Tanak/Old Testament. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALsluAKBZ-c

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Topic 3 DQ 1
Assessment Description
The four principles, especially in the context of bioethics in the United States, has often been critiqued for raising the principle of autonomy to the highest place, such that it trumps all other principles or values. How would you rank the importance of each of the four principles? How do you believe they would be ordered in the context of the Christian biblical narrative? Refer to the topic Resources in your response.
Topic 3 DQ 2
Assessment Description
What do the four parts of the Christian biblical narrative (i.e., creation, fall, redemption, and restoration) say about the nature of God and of reality in relation to the reality of sickness and disease? From where would one find comfort and hope in the light of illness according to this narrative? Explain in detail each part of the narrative above and analyze the implications.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALsluAKBZ-c THE OLD TESTAMENT

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q0BrP8bqj0c THE NEW TESTAMENT

https://www.gcumedia.com/tncc/whole-person-care/understanding/v2.1/#/slide-11

https://journalofethics.ama-assn.org/article/incorporating-spirituality-patient-care/2015-05

https://lc.gcumedia.com/phi413v/practicing-dignity-an-introduction-to-christian-values-and-decision-making-in-health-care/v1.1/#/chapter/3

https://bibleproject.com/explore/video/sacrifice-and-atonement/

https://bibleproject.com/explore/video/messiah/