NURS 6512 Week 3 Assignment 1: ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITION IN CHILDREN
NURS 6512 Week 3 Assignment 1: ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITION IN CHILDREN
Case Study Assignment
Nurses play an important role in the provision of care that addresses the needs of their populations. The pediatric population is among the vulnerable group to a wide range of health problems. Among these problems are weight-related issues. Children and adolescents are increasingly predisposed to weight problems such as overweight and obesity. Issues such as poor dietary habits among them are highly prevalent, hence, the health problems. Nurses undertake assessment, planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of the care plans adopted to address the needs of children with weight-related problems and their families. Therefore, this essay examines a case study involving an 8-year-old overweight male foster child with normal weight foster parents and overweight biological parents.
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Health Issues and Risks
The assigned child is highly predisposed to some health issues and risks. Low self-esteem is one of the health issues. Overweight issues among children and adolescents have a negative effect on their self-image and identity. The effects include the child’s inability to form relationships with others because of their held negative attitude towards self. The child is also at a risk of developing comorbidities associated with overweight. One of them is the increased risk of developing cardiovascular problems such as hypertension, angina, heart attack, and coronary artery disease. The child is also at a risk of developing diabetes mellitus. Overweight and obesity are the crucial predictors of diabetes in the population. Overweight increases the risk of insulin resistance leading to the development of diabetes (Lanigan et al., 2019; Larqué et al., 2019; Nga et al., 2019). Based on the above issues and risks, interventions that contribute to healthy weight gain for the child should be explored.
Additional Information
Additional information should be obtained to asses further the child’s weight-related health. One of the crucial areas to focus on in data collection is the child’s dietary habits. Unhealthy diets contribute to weight gain, obesity, and its associated challenges. The nurse should obtain information about the type and frequency of meal intake by the child. Foods containing simple carbohydrates such as carbonated beverages contribute to weight-related health issues. The other area of focus in the assessment is obtaining information about the child’s involvement in physical activities. Sedentary lifestyle characterized by too much time spent on the screen with minimal involvement in physical activity increases the risk of weight gain (Nga et al., 2019). Physical activity contributes to weight loss, strengthen cardiac function, and prevent comorbid conditions such as diabetes.
Information about history of overweight issues among the siblings should also be obtained. As shown in the case study, the child’s parents are overweight. Obtaining information about overweight among the siblings will inform if the problem is hereditary or not. In addition, information about any history of health-related challenges due to overweight such as diabetes and hypertension should be obtained from the family members. The nurse should also obtain information about any medical problem that may contributing to weight gain. For example, conditions such as Cushing’s disease are characterized by weight gain. In addition, patients with hypothyroidism often present the hospital with history of weight gain. The nurse and healthcare providers should rule out the potentials of these conditions when treating the client (Liberali et al., 2020; Weihe et al., 2020). Therefore, additional investigations may be needed to rule out a medical problem as the cause of the weight gain.
Risks and Further Information
As noted above, the child is predisposed to several health risks. One of them is cardiovascular problems. The risk of hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, and heart failure increases significantly among obese and overweight individuals. These issues arise from the narrowing of the blood vessels, which increase the workload of the heart when pumping blood. The other risk is diabetes. Obesity and overweight increase insulin resistance, causing diabetes (Larqué et al., 2019). There is also the risk of cancer. Some cancers have been linked to obesity and overweight in the population.
I will need additional information from the child and foster parents to determine the child’s health. One of the information needed relates to signs of complications. This includes finding out if the child has complaints such as polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia and frequent urinary tract infections. The child’s ability to tolerate activity should also be assessed to determine the effect of overweight on her ability to engage in the activities of daily living. Information such as the child’s complaints of cold or fatigue should also be obtained to rule out metabolic causes of the weight gain. I will gather information from the foster parents and the child in a sensitive manner (Lanigan et al., 2019). I will first obtain information about the values, beliefs, and practices of the family to form the basis of the assessment. I will also aim at providing dietary, lifestyle, and behavioral recommendations that align with the culture of the family.
Specific Questions
What type of foods do you eat in your family daily?
Do you watch television most of the times or all the time?
Do you always feel sad, cannot tolerate cold, or feel thirsty frequently?
Strategies to Encourage Parents to be Proactive
The parents should be encouraged to be proactive about their child’s health and weight. One of the strategies that may be considered to achieve this objective is shared decision-making. Shared-decision making is care strategy that focuses on active involvement of the patients and their families in the care process. Healthcare providers make decisions that align with patients’ values, beliefs, preferences, and expectations. Shared decision-making empowers patients to take responsibility for their health and enhances outcomes such as patient satisfaction with the care offered for health and weight management.
The other strategy to encourage parents to be proactive about their child’s health and weight is by offering health education. Lack of knowledge about the health risks of overweight and obesity contribute to harmful lifestyles and behaviors by the patients. However, educating the parents will raise their awareness about the needed lifestyle and behavioral changes for optimum health and healthy weight gain. The education will raise the parents’ awareness about the need for modifying home environments to promote the health and wellbeing of their child (Poorolajal et al., 2020). Effective health education contributes to sustained improvements in weight management.
Conclusion
In summary, the child in the assigned case has health issues and risks. Care interventions should minimize risks by promoting healthy weight gain. Additional information should be obtained from the child and family to determine her health status and need. Strategies to encourage parents to be proactive about their child’s health and weight should be explored.
References
Lanigan, J., Tee, L., & Brandreth, R. (2019). Childhood obesity. Medicine, 47(3), 190–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2018.12.007
Larqué, E., Labayen, I., Flodmark, C.-E., Lissau, I., Czernin, S., Moreno, L. A., Pietrobelli, A., & Widhalm, K. (2019). From conception to infancy—Early risk factors for childhood obesity. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 15(8), Article 8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-019-0219-1
Liberali, R., Kupek, E., & Assis, M. A. A. de. (2020). Dietary Patterns and Childhood Obesity Risk: A Systematic Review. Childhood Obesity, 16(2), 70–85. https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2019.0059
Nga, V. T., Dung, V. N. T., Chu, D.-T., Tien, N. L. B., Van Thanh, V., Ngoc, V. T. N., Hoan, L. N., Phuong, N. T., Pham, V.-H., Tao, Y., Linh, N. P., Show, P. L., & Do, D.-L. (2019). School education and childhood obesity: A systemic review. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 13(4), 2495–2501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.07.014
Poorolajal, J., Sahraei, F., Mohamdadi, Y., Doosti-Irani, A., & Moradi, L. (2020). Behavioral factors influencing childhood obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 14(2), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2020.03.002
Weihe, P., Spielmann, J., Kielstein, H., Henning-Klusmann, J., & Weihrauch-Blüher, S. (2020). Childhood Obesity and Cancer Risk in Adulthood. Current Obesity Reports, 9(3), 204–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-020-00387-w
CASE STUDY ASSIGNMENT: ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITION IN CHILDREN
When seeking to identify a patient’s health condition, advanced practice nurses can use a diverse selection of diagnostic tests and assessment tools; however, different factors affect the validity and reliability of the results produced by these tests or tools. Nurses must be aware of these factors in order to select the most appropriate test or tool and to accurately interpret the results.
Not only do these diagnostic tests affect adults, body measurements can provide a general picture of whether a child is receiving adequate nutrition or is at risk for health issues. These data, however, are just one aspect to be considered. Lifestyle, family history, and culture—among other factors—are also relevant. That said, gathering and communicating this information can be a delicate process.
For this Assignment, you will consider examples of children with various weight issues. You will explore how you could effectively gather information and encourage parents and caregivers to be proactive about their children’s health and weight.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
TO PREPARE
Review this week’s Learning Resources and consider factors that impact the validity and reliability of various assessment tools and diagnostic tests. You also will review examples of pediatric patients and their families as it relates to BMI.
Based on the risks you might identify consider what further information you would need to gain a full understanding of the child’s health. Think about how you could gather this information in a sensitive fashion.
Consider how you could encourage parents or caregivers to be proactive toward the child’s health.
THE ASSIGNMENT
Assignment (3–4 pages, not including title and reference pages):
Assignment: Child Health Case:
Include the following:
An explanation of the health issues and risks that are relevant to the child you were assigned.
Describe additional information you would need in order to further assess his or her weight-related health.
Identify and describe any risks and consider what further information you would need to gain a full understanding of the child’s health. Think about how you could gather this information in a sensitive fashion.Taking into account the parents’ and caregivers’ potential sensitivities, list at least three specific questions you would ask about the child to gather more information.
Provide at least two strategies you could employ to encourage the parents or caregivers to be proactive about their child’s health and weight.
BY DAY 6 OF WEEK 3
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Rubric
NURS_6512_Week_3_Assignment_1_Rubric
NURS_6512_Week_3_Assignment_1_Rubric
| Criteria |
Ratings |
Pts |
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeIn 3–4 pages, address the following: An explanation of the health issues and risks that are relevant to the child you were assigned. |
| 25 to >24.0 ptsExcellent
The response clearly, accurately, and in detail explains the relevant health issues and risks for the assigned child. |
24 to >23.0 ptsGood
The response accurately explains the relevant health issues and risks for the assigned child. |
23 to >17.0 ptsFair
The response vaguely and with some inaccuracy explains the relevant health issues and risks for the assigned child. |
17 to >0 ptsPoor
The response is inaccurate and/or missing explanations of the relevant health issues and risks for the assigned child. |
|
25 pts |
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeDescribe additional information you would need in order to further assess his or her weight-related health. |
| 25 to >24.0 ptsExcellent
The response clearly and accurately describes detailed additional information needed to further assess the child’s weight-related health. |
24 to >23.0 ptsGood
The response accurately describes additional information needed to further assess the child’s weight-related health. |
23 to >17.0 ptsFair
The response vaguely and with some inaccuracy describes additional information needed to further assess the child’s weight-related health. |
17 to >0 ptsPoor
The response is inaccurate and/or missing a description of additional information needed to further assess the child’s weight-related health. |
|
25 pts |
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeIdentify and describe any risks, and consider what further information you would need to gain a full understanding of the child’s health. Think about how you could gather this information in a sensitive fashion. |
| 20 to >17.0 ptsExcellent
The response clearly and accurately identifies and describes in detail any risks to the child’s health. The response clearly and accurately identifies and describes in detail further information needed to gain a full understanding of the child’s health, with a detailed explanation of how to gather that information in a way that is sensitive to the child. |
17 to >14.0 ptsGood
The response accurately identifies and describes any risks to the child’s health. The response accurately identifies and describes further information needed to gain a full understanding of the child’s health, with a clear explanation of how to gather that information in a way that is sensitive to the child. |
14 to >13.0 ptsFair
The response vaguely and with some inaccuracy identifies and describes any risks to the child’s health. The response vaguely identifies and describes further information needed to gain a full understanding of the child’s health, with a vague explanation of how to gather that information in a way that is sensitive to the child. |
13 to >0 ptsPoor
The response identifies inaccurately and/or is missing descriptions of any risks to the child’s health. The response identifies inaccurately and/or is missing descriptions of further information needed to gain a full understanding of the child’s health, with an inadequate or missing explanation of how to gather that information in a way that is sensitive to the child. |
|
20 pts |
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeTaking into account the parents’ and caregivers’ potential sensitivities, list at least three specific questions you would ask about the child to gather more information. |
| 10 to >9.0 ptsExcellent
The response clearly and accurately lists three or more specific questions that would gather more information about the child. Specific questions are carefully worded to clearly demonstrate sensitivity to the parent(s) or caregiver(s) of the child. |
9 to >8.0 ptsGood
The response lists three specific questions that would gather more information about the child. Specific questions are worded to demonstrate sensitivity to the parent(s) or caregiver(s) of the child. |
8 to >7.0 ptsFair
The response lists three questions with wording that is vague and lacking specificity for gathering more information about the child. Some wording of the questions lacks sensitivity to the parent(s) or caregiver(s) of the child. |
7 to >0 ptsPoor
The response lists two or fewer confusing or inadequate questions, or is missing questions, for gathering more information about the child. Wording of questions provided lacks sensitivity to the parent(s) or caregiver(s) of the child. |
|
10 pts |
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeProvide at least two strategies you could employ to encourage the parents or caregivers to be proactive about their child’s health and weight. |
| 5 to >4.0 ptsExcellent
The response clearly describes two or more detailed strategies to encourage the parent(s) or caregiver(s) to be proactive about the child’s health and weight. |
4 to >3.0 ptsGood
The response describes at least two strategies to encourage the parent(s) or caregiver(s) to be proactive about the child’s health and weight. |
3 to >2.0 ptsFair
The response vaguely describes two strategies to encourage the parent(s) or caregiver(s) to be proactive about the child’s health and weight. |
2 to >0 ptsPoor
The response inadequately describes one strategy or is missing strategies to encourage the parent(s) or caregiver(s) to be proactive about the child’s health and weight. |
|
5 pts |
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization: Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused–neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria. |
| 5 to >4.0 ptsExcellent
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that delineate all required criteria. |
4 to >3.0 ptsGood
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated, yet are brief and not descriptive. |
3 to >2.0 ptsFair
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%–79% of the time. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are vague or off topic. |
2 to >0 ptsPoor
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time. No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion were provided. |
|
5 pts |
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting – English writing standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation |
| 5 to >4.0 ptsExcellent
Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors. |
4 to >3.0 ptsGood
Contains a few (1 or 2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. |
3 to >2.0 ptsFair
Contains several (3 or 4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. |
2 to >0 ptsPoor
Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding. |
|
5 pts |
| This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running heads, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list. |
| 5 to >4.0 ptsExcellent
Uses correct APA format with no errors. |
4 to >3.0 ptsGood
Contains a few (1 or 2) APA format errors. |
3 to >2.0 ptsFair
Contains several (3 or 4) APA format errors. |
2 to >0 ptsPoor
Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors. |
|
5 pts |
| Total Points: 100 |
