The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Essay

Introduction

Information technology has had a significant impact on the development and implementation of healthcare services. Through information technology, service providers can easily and efficiently deliver quality healthcare. Existing research evidence has proven that health information technology improves healthcare delivery in different ways, including improving compliance to regulatory standards, minimizing medical errors, and minimizing adverse reactions. However, health organizations should select the best information technology to minimize waste and increase effectiveness. This review summarizes the currently available evidence about the impact of health information technology on improving patients’ quality of care and safety.

Kruse, C. S., & Beane, A. (2018). Health information technology continues to show positive effect on medical outcomes: systematic review. Journal of medical Internet research, 20(2), e8793. https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/8793,

This article seeks to evaluate the impact of health information technology on health outcomes. It explores various elements of health information technology, such as health records management and health information systems. The study is based on the background that various adverse outcomes within the hospital’s information system can lead to patients’ morbidity or mortality, increasing the cost of healthcare.

The study relied on a systematic literature review methodology to identify and review evidence on health information technology, retrieving journal articles from CINAHL and MEDLINE. The review was structured Primary Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) and completed using the Assessment for Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR).

The search yielded 37 studies for final review, 81% of the reviewed journals revealing that health information technology had at least one improved medical impact. This supports the study’s hypothesis that there is a positive association between the adoption of health information systems and medical outcomes.

Menachemi, N., Rahurkar, S., Harle, C. A., & Vest, J. R. (2018). The benefits of health information exchange: an updated systematic review. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 25(9), 1259-1265.https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocy035

Health information exchange through health information technology has contributed to reduced costs and improved quality of care. This study aimed to rigorously evaluate the evidence that health information exchange has positive effects and benefits the delivery of healthcare services. The study took the form of a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, retrieving peer-reviewed journal articles from Scorpus and PubMed databases.

All the 24 reviewed studies reported beneficial effects of health information exchange through health information technology. Some of the benefits found by the survey include reduced imaging, lower costs, reduced duplicated procedures, and improved patient safety. This article is useful in providing evidence about how health care providers can utilize health information technology to facilitate health information exchange for purposes of interprofessional teamwork.

 

Young, R., Burge, S., Kumar, K., Wilson, J., & Ortiz, D. (2018). A time-motion study of primary care physicians’ work in the electronic health record era. Family medicine, 50(2), 91-99. DOI: 10.22454/FamMed.2018.184803

While electronic health records have been appreciated for improving efficiency in the healthcare system, other critics claim electronic health records have a negative impact on the time taken by providers to care for patients. This study sought to update previous research on the time taken by providers to care for patients in the clinic using electronic health records.

Using direct observations, the researchers observed family physician attendings, residents, and ambulatory patients in 982 visits. The researchers then measured total visit time, face-to-face time, pre-visit chart time, out-of-hours electronic health records time and total electronic health records work time.

The study results revealed that primary care physicians spent more time working with electronic health records than working face-to-face with patients. This study is useful in deducing the impact of the electronic health records system on the average time physicians take to interact with patients physically and how that impacts the quality of care.

Gardner, R. L., Cooper, E., Haskell, J., Harris, D. A., Poplau, S., Kroth, P. J., & Linzer, M. (2019). Physician stress and burnout: the impact of health information technology. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 26(2), 106-114.https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocy145

Health information technology has mixed effects on the delivery of healthcare services to patients. The main aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between stress and the use of health information technology and how health information technology predicts burnout.  The study surveyed 4197 physicians on their health information technology use, with the main outcome being self-reported physician burnout. The presence of burnout was denoted by excessive time spent on electronic health records at home, poor or marginal time for documentation, and the agreement that the use of electronic health records contributes to additional frustration.

The results showed that health information technology produces measurable stress-related, common, and independently predictive of burnout. As such, this study is useful in identifying health information technology factors related to burnout, helping to guide healthcare organizations on how to measure and resolve burnout among their staff.

Sittig, D. F., Wright, A., Coiera, E., Magrabi, F., Ratwani, R., Bates, D. W., & Singh, H. (2020). Current challenges in health information technology–related patient safety. Health informatics journal, 26(1), 181-189.https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458218814893

The main aim of this study was to identify and describe the short-term challenges to help healthcare organizations, developers of health information technology, and policymakers address the challenges that health information technology presents to patient safety. The study identified some of the current challenges of health information technology to patient safety to include difficulty with developing appropriate information technology models, challenges designing effective user interface design functions and features, challenges with implementing unambiguous patient identification, challenges with creating network-enabled clinical environments, and challenges with developing safety-improving decision support systems.

This study highlight complaint about health information system, claiming that whereas health information technology systems are effective tools for improving efficiency and low cost of care, they present many challenges and complexities that may complicate the delivery of care. Failure to address these challenges may contribute to different bottlenecks within the healthcare system, leading to poor quality, unsatisfactory and substandard care. Therefore, healthcare managers are responsible for ensuring that when implementing health information technology, they should address the challenges that come with it to minimize the adverse effects on quality of care.

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References

Gardner, R. L., Cooper, E., Haskell, J., Harris, D. A., Poplau, S., Kroth, P. J., & Linzer, M.

(2019). Physician stress and burnout: the impact of health information technology. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 26(2), 106-114.https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocy145

Kruse, C. S., & Beane, A. (2018). Health information technology continues to show positive

effect on medical outcomes: systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20(2), e8793. https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/8793,

Menachemi, N., Rahurkar, S., Harle, C. A., & Vest, J. R. (2018). The benefits of health

information exchange: an updated systematic review. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 25(9), 1259-1265.https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocy035

Sittig, D. F., Wright, A., Coiera, E., Magrabi, F., Ratwani, R., Bates, D. W., & Singh, H. (2020).

Current challenges in health information technology–related patient safety. Health Informatics Journal, 26(1), 181-189.https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458218814893

Young, R., Burge, S., Kumar, K., Wilson, J., & Ortiz, D. (2018). A time-motion study of primary

care physicians’ work in the electronic health record era. Family Medicine, 50(2), 91-99. DOI: 10.22454/FamMed.2018.184803

Assignment: Literature Review: The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies

New technology—and the application of existing technology—only appears in healthcare settings after careful and significant research. The stakes are high, and new clinical systems need to offer evidence of positive impact on outcomes or efficiencies.

Nurse informaticists and healthcare leaders formulate clinical system strategies. As these strategies are often based on technology trends, informaticists and others have then benefited from consulting existing research to inform their thinking.

In this Assignment, you will review existing research focused on the application of clinical systems. After reviewing, you will summarize your findings.

To Prepare:

• Review the Resources and reflect on the impact of clinical systems on outcomes and efficiencies within the context of nursing practice and healthcare delivery.
• Conduct a search for recent (within the last 5 years) research focused on the application of clinical systems. The research should provide evidence to support the use of one type of clinical system to improve outcomes and/or efficiencies, such as “the use of personal health records or portals to support patients newly diagnosed with diabetes.”
• Identify and select 4 peer-reviewed research articles from your research.
• For information about annotated bibliographies, visit https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/assignments/annotatedbibliographies

The Assignment: (4-5 pages not including the title and reference page)

In a 4- to 5-page paper, synthesize the peer-reviewed research you reviewed. Format your Assignment as an Annotated Bibliography. Be sure to address the following:

• Identify the 4 peer-reviewed research articles you reviewed, citing each in APA format.
• Include an introduction explaining the purpose of the paper.
• Summarize each study, explaining the improvement to outcomes, efficiencies, and lessons learned from the application of the clinical system each peer-reviewed article described. Be specific and provide examples.
• In your conclusion, synthesize the findings from the 4 peer-reviewed research articles.
• Use APA format and include a title page.
• Use the Safe Assign Drafts to check your match percentage before submitting your work.

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• Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.

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Learning Resources

Required Readings

McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2017). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

• Chapter 14, “The Electronic Health Record and Clinical Informatics” (pp. 267–287)
• Chapter 15, “Informatics Tools to Promote Patient Safety and Quality Outcomes” (pp. 293–317)
• Chapter 16, “Patient Engagement and Connected Health” (pp. 323–338)
• Chapter 17, “Using Informatics to Promote Community/Population Health” (pp. 341–355)
• Chapter 18, “Telenursing and Remote Access Telehealth” (pp. 359–388)

 Dykes, P. C., Rozenblum, R., Dalal, A., Massaro, A., Chang, F., Clements, M., Collins, S. …Bates, D. W. (2017). Prospective evaluation of a multifaceted intervention to improve outcomes in intensive care: The Promoting Respect and Ongoing Safety Through Patient Engagement Communication and Technology Study. Critical Care Medicine, 45(8), e806–e813. doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000002449

HealthIT.gov. (2018c). What is an electronic health record (EHR)? Retrieved from 

https://www.healthit.gov/faq/what-electronic-health-record-ehr

 

Rao-Gupta, S., Kruger, D. Leak, L. D., Tieman, L. A., & Manworren, R. C. B. (2018). Leveraging interactive patient care technology to Improve pain management engagement. Pain Management Nursing, 19(3), 212–221. 

 

Skiba, D. (2017). Evaluation tools to appraise social media and mobile applications. Informatics, 4(3), 32–40.